This is a hot topic which is much talk and too little information, all media, but few speak of the holder report in question, and it is clear that the lobby to have the merchants of health in the U.S., is better for them that most will not know the subject well, but this article written by columnist Manuel Rodriguez C. describes simply and clearly on this issue, so I leave there so that they learn and draw your own conclusions: Marcela Serrano in the novel Gone With this in my heart tells the death of Pauline’s grandfather, both natives of San Cristobal de Casas (Chiapas), due to leishmaniasis who could not be arrested because her family had no resources to buy an affordable choice. ‘Pauline would not hear anymore of this misery and I swear never again happen to its people die of non-fatal disease for lack of medicine’. The drama of Pauline, with different connotations, is present in the daily lives of nearly 50 million Americans who lack access to health care. And the same indignation as the novel moves Pauline to fight for anyone to perish for lack of medical attention, has motivated the pre-President Barack Obama to lead the fight to drive health reform and establish a health care system and universal coverage, including the excluded. In the U.S. health care is based on private insurance companies or by covering 65 of people of working age. However, hospitals, mostly private, are obliged by law to attend emergency services to the uninsured. These benefits are paid by insurers by 50 and the State covers the other half. In parallel to private insurance, the State assumes the health care of vulnerable sections of the population: people without resources have the state Medicaid coverage, retirees and the disabled are cared for by Medicare, and other programs for children, military and veterans. But had fifty million without the right to health. Obama’s approach to health is universal that ‘there is a single American who does not have access to care and to never again break a citizen to address their health’. Rests on two pillars. First, the creation of a National Health Exchange (National Health Exchange), which include the creation of a new public health insurance entity to provide workers and their families active, coverage similar to that enjoyed by Members of Congress, with low costs, with subsidies for those unable to pay and are not poor enough to qualify for Medicaid (insurance for the poor). A state insurer to compete with private ones. For another, all children would have insurance and companies assume an obligation to contribute to health insurance, either ensuring its employees or bidding on a percentage of its personnel costs to the new public insurance as part of the National Health Exchange. Against reform Republicans have risen, and the owners of the business of health. Added to these are undecided Democrats and consumer sectors benefiting insurance companies and think they will lose the quality of their coverage. The Republicans have made reform spearheaded an offensive ‘decisively’ against Obama. Verbal violence and the strategy of fear have taken to drive extra funding and violently offensive content. The Congress is the field of battle. Their results appear even slightly predictable.

People often think that Chinese characters are extremely difficult to learn. But the truth is that once you begin to study Chinese, we discover they are not as complicated as it seemed. Indeed, without a doubt, is one of the most fascinating writing systems, beautiful, logical, and scientists worldwide. Each stroke has its own meaning.Once familiar with the principles governing its composition, it is the easiest to remember even the most complicated of the characters, and not forgetting a single stroke. The earliest known examples of Chinese characters written in expanded form are recorded on tortoise shells and ox bones. Most of these are ideograms.According to the findings of archaeologists and experts in epigraphy from various countries, most early writing systems, pictographic went through a stage, such as Egyptian hieroglyphics. Most writing systems, however, eventually developed a phonetic alphabet to represent sounds of spoken language which replaces the visual images from the perception of the physical world. Chinese is the only major writing systems of the world that remained as the basic unit of the pictogram and which is still in widespread use. But not all Chinese characters are representations of concrete objects impressionistic character.The Chinese characters together sound, meaning and visual image into a set adhesive. According to the traditional etymology, there are six different methods of composition and use of characters.

Ionizing radiation and health exposure to ionizing radiation in humans. As mentioned earlier, living beings are exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation from the sun, rocks, soil, natural sources of the organization, radioactive waste from nuclear tests in the past, certain consumer goods and materials radioactive release from hospitals and from plants associated with nuclear energy and coal. Workers exposed to much radiation astronauts are (due to cosmic radiation), medical personnel or X-rays, researchers, those working in radioactive and nuclear installations and workers in NORM industries. Besides receiving an additional statement for each X-ray and nuclear medicine, and the amount depends on the type and number of scans. It has been shown that exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation environment affects the health of humans.In fact there are studies that say they may be beneficial (the hormesis hypothesis). However, the agencies involved in radiation protection officially use the conservative assumption that even in very low or moderate doses, the ionizing radiation increases the likelihood of cancer, and that this probability increases with the dose (linear no-threshold model). For the effects of these low dose effects are often called probabilistic, statistical, or stochastic. Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, sickness and death. The effects depend on the amount of ionizing radiation received and the duration of irradiation, and personal factors such as sex, age at which was discussed, and the state of health and nutrition. Increasing the dose produced more severe effects. It is shown that a dose of 3 to 4 Sv causes death in 50 of cases.For the high-dose effects are called deterministic or stochastic as opposed to stochastic. See also: Radiation poisoning

is designed to ensure the integrity and timeliness of the collection of resources to be made by actors in the system destined for the subsidized scheme. This sub-account is funded through the following resources: “A point of the contributory scheme contributions: 12 of the contribution of the contributory scheme. “Contributions of the compensation funds: 5 or 10 depending on profits. -Transfer of social investment: 25 allocated to health according to law 60 1993. Tax-arms ammunition and explosions: 10 to those who bear arms and 5 to those who buy ammunition.

Species concepts Biological Species (Dobzhansky, 1935 and Mayr, 1942 ). Under this concept, species is a group (or population) of individuals who can naturally interbreed with each other, but are reproductively isolated from other similar groups. This is the most widely accepted concept and greater consensus, at least among zoologists. To assume a species as biological evolutionary implications assume a population that is reproductively isolated and therefore constitutes a separate evolutionary lineage and that is reinforced by a series of barriers can be geographic or biological. The biological species is free to follow their own course in response to genetic and environmental influences processes that cause evolutionary change.The connotation of the concept does not apply to fossil organisms, but the best thing you can do in this case is whether morphological gaps between specimens are as large or larger than those between living species that are reproductively isolated. This concept has limitations as to organisms that reproduce asexually (by apomixis: type of parthenogenesis) some species of rotifers (microscopic organisms), mollusks, arthropods, vertebrates (fish and some lizards of the genus Cnemidophorus Aspidoscelis and Reeder 2002) and some vascular plants . There are also many cases in which hybridization occurs and remain fertile offspring as independent units and evolutionary genetics. This occurs mainly in vascular plants where hybridization is common. To get an idea what if the biological species concept was applied to these cases, we must indicate that each individual should be considered as separate biological species.Evolutionary species (Wiley, 1978). is a lineage (a sequence ancestrodescendiente) of populations or organisms that maintain their identity from other lineages and who have their own historical and evolutionary trends. This concept differs in that the current genetic isolation rather than the potential, is the criterion for the recognition of it. And consider that, given the existence of geographical or biological barriers, gene flow between them is so low that a genetic divergence (cladogenesis) is produced. The evolutionary species concept takes into account that evolution can be reticulated cladogenetic. This means that populations that initially separated, and they began to diverge genetically, come back together thus truncating the isolation and producing hybrids from which emerges a new population that can be recognized as a separate unit.The evolutionary design also have opposed him several objections: 1) is applicable only to monotypic species, so all geographic isolation should be treated as a distinct species, 2) there is no empirical criteria that allow us to observe trends in the fossil record, 3) the evolving definition is not practical in the demarcation of chronospecies. Morphological species. Under this concept, each species is distinguishable from its allies by its morphology. The morphological species concept has been widely criticized. First, the morphological definition ignores behavioral and ecological properties. Secondly, morphological characters do not always allow a species to recognize the one hand, there are many different species, especially among the protozoa, which, however, are morphologically very similar.Species are called cryptic or sibling species “(Mayr, 1948), and secondly, there are many morphological types within a single species, due to individual genetic variation (polymorphic species) or the fact that they belong to different biological categories, as age or gender. Phylogenetic species (of Cracraft, 1989). This concept recognizes as kind to any group of organisms in which all organisms share a unique derived or apomorphic character (not present in their ancestors or relatives). If this concept was used carefully, though local populations located near each other would be considered different species because each population may have unique molecular-genetic variants.Species ecological (Van Valen, 1976). Under this concept, species is a lineage (or a closely related set of lineages) which occupies an adaptive zone minimally different in its distribution of those belonging to other lineages, and also develops independently of all lineages outside its established biogeographical distribution. In this concept, the concept of niche and competitive exclusion are important to explain how populations can be targeted to specific environments and result in genetic differences and geographical factors based on highly organic.

In most of the doctors and the media has been installed the perception that the influenza A year has passed. Currently there are numerous cases of common cold with aches and sometimes complications when other years at this time bore the brunt of influenza illness. This season is ahead and think and hopefully, the flu is dying out. Josyann Abisaab Also, in recent weeks comes news about the investigations by journalists and some governments on decision making about the pandemic: the procurement of antivirals, vaccine development, they are implemented in a very low percentage.